Would bolting through foam/carbon hold? I'll post photos...it can be done but I'm concerned about crushing the (undamaged) supports...the angle isn't right.
I would expect bolting through the composite with a massive "penny" washer on the back to be fine.
However, if you are concerned about crushing you could make an insert of a higher density material where the bolt goes through:
- stick in a piece of plastic tube
- cut a piece of foam out and replace it with HD foam or wood
- make a plug of epoxy
This is probably how I would do it:
1. Sand the area you will laminate in step 7, make sure you take off all the paint, undercoat and filler. It doesn't matter if you go through the laminate as you will replace it later.
2. Measure the diameter of the nut, add 2mm and choose that drill bit. Drill a hole all the way through where the bolt will go.
3. Mix about 10ml of epoxy resin with glass microfibres at about 1 teaspoon at a time until it is the thickness of toothpaste and doesn't run.
4. Pack the hole with resin/fibres mix then tape up the ends with brown parcel tape. This will stop the resin seeping out and epoxy doesnt stick to parcel tape.
5. Wait for your epoxy to set, probably 24hrs.
6. Take off the parcel tape and sand any proud bits. If there are hollows repeat steps 3, 4 and 5 until it is completely flush.
7. Laminate over the top of everything. I would probably use s-glass. It will have about 25% less tensile strength but it will be see-through so you can see where your plug is when re-drilling.
8. Drill the hole again and bolt through.
This means that when you tighten the nut you will be pushing against a very hard lump of epoxy, and you won't crush that.